Coal and Petroleum - A science project

                         Coal and Petroleum

Hello Students,Today we are going to start the New Chapter that is, Coal and Petroleum. So, just I will write the name of the chapter,it's Coal and Petroleum. Okay. So, first of all I would like to talk aboutlike, whatever things which are present around us. Okay? Can be divided into two things,Like, can be natural or can be manmade. Okay? World around is very beautiful. Okay? We will find plenty of things, N number ofthings we will find. And when I say that we can divide them intosome categories. And the categories can be what? Natural and Manmade. So, how can we divide? It's very easy and you all have studiedthis in lower classes like ,maybe Earth, Okay? Air, Water all these are what? These are natural substances. Okay? And say artificial, what can be the artificial? May be, anything like plastic. Okay? Any synthetic thing,may be cement, may be bricks, may be benches. Okay? So, all these things come under the categoryof what? Manmade things. There can be few things as just now I toldbench. Okay? So, bench is manmade thing.. But obviously the material from which it isbeen made is like, we have obtained that from obviously from the nature. So, basically we can divide things into twocategories. But, what all these things are known as,Like What? We are talking about what? So, children whatever things which human beinguse. For welfare,For his own benefit. Okay? For any kind of use any purpose if human beingsare using some particular things it can be known as resources. So I will just write first of all the definitionof resources. So, how resources can be define as? Anything which is used by humans for his survivalor welfare can be called as resources. So, what I have written over here? I have written definition of resources andhow can we define resources? Anything which is use by human. Okay?Obviously we are talking about human beings. We are using things. Okay? So, anything which is used by humans for hissurvival, Okay? Or welfare can be called as resources. Okay? Anything we talk about like it can be soil,it can be air, it can be water, it can be forest products, it can be wood. Anything which we are using for our benefitfor our welfare. Okay? For, which is useful for our survival canbe termed can be coined as resources. Now, I just now I told you like resourcescan be divided into two categories. Okay? What can be the first category? The first can be... Natural Resources. And the second can be Manmade Resources. Okay? So, let me make this see properly I don'tknow the chalk is not working there. Okay? Natural Resources and Manmade Resources. So as the name itself is suggesting. Here name itself is suggesting.. Natural that means we are getting this substancesfrom nature. There's nothing much to learn or to understandabout... Only the word itself here is indicatingthe meaning, Or the definition itself. Natural and Manmade. So let me write the definition of this. It can be those resources which are obtainedby or I can even write obtained from nature are called as naturalresources. Okay? Now, what can be the example of natural resources? It can be sunlight,Just try to remember, just try to recall what are the things which we get naturally? Sunlight, Soil, Water, Air Okay? Then water I have written? Yes I have written. So all these are Natural Resources. And how can we define Manmade Resources? Obviously I can write those resources which are made by man are called as Manmade Resources. Okay? Are called as manmade resources. What can be the examples over here? I can write many things like plastic, cement,I can even write glass, Okay? N number of things which even you know. Okay? So now, what we have studied? First of all we have learned the definitionof resources. Means anything which we or the human beings uses for their survival, for their benefit, for their use,Okay? Using for use it cannot be,Using for the welfare, for the benefit. Okay? For the survival is known as what? It is known as resources. Then it can be divided into... two categoriesnatural and manmade resources. This is one natural and other one manmade resources. Now, I can again divide into categories?I can talk about, I will be talking about, Now, Types of Resources:Okay? So, it can be divided in two categories beforediscussing the categories I would just like to give you hint. You might have studied,Now, we will study about types of resources. Before starting this I would just like toremind or I want you to recall that you might have heard many times peoples saying thatpetrol may get over after few years, Or you might have studies in your syllabusonly that the fuels the thing which we are using in an unlimited way can it will get oververy soon. Okay? So, it can be divided,When we talk about types of resources it can be of two types,Exhaustible resources and Inexhaustible resources. Okay? So, we can divide this into two,It can be divided into two Exhaustible resources and Inexhaustible resources. Now, children try to understand there'sno need to be confuse or to learn. Exhaust, see when you work more,Suppose one fine day you studied more or played more okay? Or you have done something for particularyou know continuously for many hours. Okay? How do you feel? You feel exhausted. Okay? You feel exhausted, that means you feel thatmy energy is over. Now I don't have energy to work further,now I don't have energy to continue my studies further. Okay? So what is the meaning of exhaustible resources? Those resources which will exhaust. Okay? Which will get over, which will get finishone day very soon. If it is not used properly. Okay? What is the meaning of inexhaustible? Obviously it is just opposite to exhaustible. That means these resources will never comean end. Okay? So what we are studying? We are studying about the types of resourcesit can be divided into two categories. First is exhaustible, what can be the way? How can I define it? I can write,Those resources which gets what? What should I write over here? Which will get over after few years. Okay? So how can we define exhaustible? When certain thing, like when I say theseare the one which will get over. That means they are present in which kindof way? It is obviously present in limited way. Okay? That means it is not presented in more quantity. So, I can write over here,What there's no place in writing in exhaustible. So, what there is limited stock. There is limited amount which is present,which is available with us. Okay? Now, how can I write inexhaustible? Those resources which are available in plentyor they are non what I can write? They will not get over, they are not presentsee, Those resources which are available in plentyor they are in which kind of way? They are in an unlimited stockjust for your understanding. Okay? And what should I write over here? We have only limited stock. Okay? These are what? Limited. And these one are unlimited stock we haveunlimited. There's no end!It won't come to an end. Even if we use it more and more. Okay. Then, what can I write as an example. Here what can be the examples of inexhaustiblethat means it won't get over. So what can be the examples? It can be sunlight. Same way. Okay? Sunlight, air, wind. Air and wind will be again same. So, sunlight and air. Okay? Even tides. Okay? Tides can also be used. Okay? So all these are what? Unlimited stocks are there like there is noworry , and we can use this thing as much as we can as much as we want. Okay? And what can be the examples for exhaustibleresources what can I write over there? I can write petrol. Examples of I would have to wind it up. Okay? Examples of this one, exhaustible. Okay? So, what can be examples?What are the things which will get over. So obviously we all know, petrol. Okay? So what are the other things which can cometo and end. Even the gas, natural gas, coal. Okay? Coal, natural gases, all these things arewhat? They are present in limited stock. We cannot keep on using this stock withoutany check. We have to keep a check on these kind of stocks. Even I can say that even the, I can evenwrite over here. What I can write? I can even write like, forest. Okay? Natural gas. All these can be written over here. All these can be taken as an example. See why I have written forest? You may be thinking that how forest can cometo an end? And why because we can plant as many as plantas we can. But, children the thing is that. When we plant trees. Okay? When we plant, which kind of plant we aregoing to use which is, which will be beneficial for us. Okay? You just try to understand or just try tocheck the difference between the manmade forest. Or the plants which are grown by us and thennatural forest. Which trees we will find? Like, what trees we are going to plant? may be Gulmohar, may be Asoka, may be Neem,may be Mango, may be Banyan, Pipal... All very common one. Okay? Which we know and which are beneficial forus but when you talk about forest, Where N number of varieties in the forest. And they are like it is not about the naturesbenefit. They grow in a natural way. And the natural forest is form which is quitedifferent from what we grow. So, again forest can be taken in an exhaustibleexample or resources. One more thing I would like to clear overhere. In few books like forest is considered asinexhaustible resources. And the reason I gave you because like see,Always the difference between the suppose or some researches are been done or when thediscoveries are done. When we talk about say the example of a atom. So all the scientist when they started studyingthe atom they will be giving different different definition. They will be giving different different views. Okay? In the same way few people consider that forestare what? They are exhaustible. They are going to come to an end if we don'tuse it properly. But, when we talk about few other group, they think that plant are the one which can be grown. So, it can be taken as inexhaustible formOkay? So, what we are doing? We are studying here types of resources. How many kind of recourses can be there. Exhaustible and inexhaustible resources. Exhaust is what? I just gave you the example. Exhaust means like tiring. Okay? Getting away. So, those resources which are what? We have in limited amount will get over oneday. So, what can those resources? What are the examples of those resources? I have written over here. Okay? It can be petrol, coal, forest and naturalgas. Inexhaustible which is untiring? Okay? Unlimited, untiring. So what are those resources? Those resources which are available in plenty,or they are in unlimited stock Okay? If you want to put in bracket? You can put from here also,Or they are in unlimited stock. Okay? And what is there in an unlimited stock? You use sunlight as much as you can,And you all know that sunlight will never come to an end. Air you can use as much as you want. And we all know even the tides now a daysare very useful for us in creating energy. Which kind of energy? Different different energies are been created. Now, in from the tidal waves also. So, this was about exhaustible and inexhaustibleresources. Now I would like to tell you something extra. Now, see exhaustible resources can also beknown as? What it can be known as? See... it is going to which kind of resources. Which is going to be, like it is going tobe... We cannot form it. Okay? So these are what non renewable. Okay? Non renewable resources. It can also be known as Non renewable resources. While in exhaustible can also be known as,it can also be known as what? It can be known as renewable resources. Again, the name itself indicates Non-Renewablewe cannot make it new. We cannot again reform it. Okay? So this is what non renewable resources andhere what I have written Renewable, these whole things can be renewed. Okay? Renewed in the sense it doesn't means thatwe are going to make it. But, we have that. So, this is non renewable resources and renewableresources. One more name is there like conventional resourcesand unconventional or non conventional. Okay? Conventional and non conventional. Conventional means what the traditional wayswhich we are using. Okay? So it can also be known as which one? This one or here I have written the exampleit can be also known as conventional resources. Why conventional? Convention means what? The things which we are using from many years. Okay? The things which are in tradition. Okay? So, these are known as what? Even this can be called as conventional resourcesand these one are the recently like we, I am not saying that just before one or twoyear. But, actually this one is inexhaustible oneis knew like these are the new methods. Earlier we never used to use like, beforefew years. These methods were not into existence so thesekind of methods are also known as non conventional methods. Okay? Non conventional means what? Which were not in tradition. But, now these are been used so it is alsoknown as non conventional methods. Okay? So now what we are going to talk about? Now, how? Okay? Now we will just talk about something onetopic. We were talking about exhaustible resourcesand in that also we will select one. For before this what we will talk about? I want to talk about exhaustible resources. Now, see children. When it say about the petrol. Where is petrol? Here, when I say petrol and coal. Okay? These are what? Exhaustible resources and as a name suggestcoal and petroleum. So today we are going to talk much about petroland coal. So, how we get petrol and how coal is formed? Okay? We are going to talk about this. We will be talking about the types of coal. We will be talking about the petroleum productsuses. Okay? And how these things are in danger.